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WASHINGTON —After President Joe Biden dropped out of the 2024 presidential race and endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris to replace him as the Democratic nominee, Republicans quickly focused on Harris and her work on immigration issues, calling her a "border czar."
Congressman Guy Reschenthaler, a Republican from Pennsylvania, said at a House Rules Committee hearing Tuesday that Biden appointed Harris as the border czar 64 days into his administration. The hearing focused on an emergency resolution addressing the "failures of the border czar position and its negative impact on our fellow citizens across the country."
"With Harris at the helm, the Biden-Harris administration made good on their promise to systematically dismantle President [Donald] Trump's secure border [policies]," Reschenthaler said.
But was Harris appointed as border czar?
Immigration experts say no.
Theresa Cardinal Brown, senior adviser on immigration and border policy at the Bipartisan Policy Center, said that early in the Biden administration, Harris was assigned the task of reducing migration to the U.S. southern border and collaborating with Central American nations to address the root causes of migration through diplomacy, development and investment.
"She was never named a border czar. In fact, the border was not her priority issue at all. The border was the responsibility of Homeland Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas. She was never in charge of the border per se," Brown said.
Brown said "czar" is not a recognized term under the U.S. legal system.
"But it has been adopted into American political discourse as, I'd say, a shorthand title for somebody who is given within a White House administration - within the executive branch - broad responsibility and authority to direct the administration across different Cabinet departments on a particular issue or policy," Brown said.
Border politics
During the pandemic, the Trump administration virtually closed the border to migration, as officials implemented a health order that allowed for the rapid expulsion of migrants, effectively turning away most migrants without giving them a chance to seek asylum.
When President Biden took office in January 2021, expulsions continued, except for unaccompanied minors. Both Biden and Harris openly urged migrants not to come, but they did, presenting a political crisis for Biden at the beginning of his administration.
Biden soon asked Harris to spearhead a "root causes" strategy, banking heavily on using American investments to improve living conditions and discourage migrants from leaving three Central American nations where a significant number of migrants come from: Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala.
The Biden administration also reunited families separated under the Trump administration and expanded legal immigration pathways, including increasing refugee admissions and creating a humanitarian program for migrants from Central America, Venezuela and Haiti.
Although it is not known what Harris' immigration policy will look like, immigration attorney Hector Quiroga said he thinks Harris will continue Biden's policies, but he noted that Harris' immigration message has changed.
"Her record is rather interesting because in the beginning, she was very much in the diplomatic kind of way. ... With experience [in the vice president office], she has said, 'Please don't come' to migrants," he said, referring to Harris' evolution to a stricter tone and tougher message.
Quiroga is referring to Harris' 2021 trip to Guatemala to meet with former Guatemalan President Alejandro Giammattei and address the root causes of illegal migration. During her visit, she emphasized the Biden administration's commitment to helping Guatemalans find "hope at home."
And she issued a stern warning to potential migrants.
"I want to be clear to folks in this region who are thinking about making that dangerous trek to the United States-Mexico border," Harris said. "Do not come. Do not come."
The Biden administration has been highlighting progress at the border, noting that arrests for illegal crossings from Mexico dropped by 29% in June, marking the lowest number during Joe Biden's presidency.