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LONDON —More than 1.2 million people are dying every year directly from bacterial infections that are resistant to several antibiotics, according to a new study, making multiresistant bacteria far deadlier than HIV/AIDS or malaria. A further 4.95 million deaths were associated with these multiresistant bacteria.
"It is estimated that if we don't find alternatives by 2050, millions of lives will be lost and there will be $100 trillion of lost [economic] output," Antonia Sagona, an expert on bacterial infections at England's University of Warwick, said in an interview with VOA.
The study, published in The Lancet and led by the University of Washington in Seattle, analyzed data from 204 countries and territories. It showed that poorer nations were worst hit by antibiotic resistance, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.
"Lower respiratory infections accounted for more than 1.5 million deaths associated with [antibiotic] resistance in 2019, making it the most burdensome infectious syndrome," the report said.
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The authors cautioned there is an urgent need for more research.
"There are serious data gaps in many low-income settings, emphasizing the need to expand microbiology laboratory capacity and data collection systems to improve our understanding of this important human health threat," they wrote.
Antibiotic misuse
Scientists say the misuse of antibiotics over decades has encouraged microorganisms to evolve into "superbugs."
"For example, people have viral infections, and they have been prescribed antibiotics for very many years now. And this over the years has made the problem very severe, so the bacteria have become really resistant to these antibiotics," Sagona said.
The World Health Organization last year warned that none of the 43 antibiotics in development or recently approved was enough to combat antimicrobial resistance.
New hope?
So what can be done? Sagona - along with other scientists around the world - is working on new treatments called phages.
"These are viruses that can specifically target bacteria. And they can be used in combination with antibiotics or on their own to clear bacterial infections of multiresistant strains," she told VOA.
Despite the promising new treatments, scientists say it's vital that existing antibiotics are not overused - to help slow down the development of the ever-deadlier superbugs.