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WASHINGTON - More than 200 journalists have reported being attacked, injured or detained or have had equipment destroyed while covering nationwide protests over the death of George Floyd while in police custody in Minneapolis.
Amid the mobs, fires and looting, journalists have themselves become news when confronted by police or protesters while doing their jobs to inform the public.
Jason Patinkin, a VOA journalist, was one of those caught in the crossfire.
Patinkin said he thought that as he was leaving protests around Lafayette Square and the White House about 11 p.m. on Sunday, police fired at him and another news crew on the scene.
Patinkin said that as he was leaving the area, a loud bang could be heard and what appeared to be a flashbang device arced and landed near the feet of the news crew.
He said he turned his camera back on and then watched as an officer raised a weapon and fired in his direction. Patinkin said he "didn't quite think he would shoot me."
In footage of the incident, a projectile appears to ricochet off the ground.
The journalist said he then felt something hit the protective flak jacket he was wearing near his left shoulder.
Patinkin said his press badge was displayed, although it was nighttime. At least one person on his video could be heard yelling, "Press!"
"I'm press, it's obvious I'm press," said Patinkin, an experienced journalist who has covered conflict and unrest overseas, including in Khartoum, Sudan. "I didn't really expect it."
His video shows a line of more than two dozen officers across the intersection of 16th and and I streets. Protesters were also in the area, he said.
"I was fortunate in two ways," Patinkin said, noting that the object that hit him had bounced away from him to the left. "If it had bounced to the right, it could have hit me in the eye, hit me in the face," he said, noting that some people have been blinded by these types of weapons.
It was unclear whether the officers were from the District of Columbia metro force or the federal Park Service, which protects Lafayette Square and others in the capital.
A spokesman for the Park Service police said there was no way to know. The metro police did not respond to calls and emails. Both organizations have been policing protests in the city.
Journalists across the U.S. have shared similar accounts and related images, including injuries from rubber bullets.
In Long Beach, California, KPCC radio reporter Adolfo Guzman-Lopez was hit in the throat with a rubber bullet. At a news conference Monday, the city mayor apologized, and the chief of police said he would investigate.
Freelance journalist Linda Tirado told the U.S. Press Freedom Tracker, a group that documents press freedom violations in the U.S., that she required hospital treatment after being hit by a projectile on the side of her head while covering protests in Minneapolis.
Tirado later tweeted that she lost the sight in her eye.
The Minneapolis office of public information told VOA earlier this week that several law enforcement agencies were assisting at protests, and that encounters with the city's police were under review.
The Press Freedom Tracker is investigating more than 200 incidents involving journalists, including 40 who were detained or zip-tied and more than 150 assaults. Most of the latter involved police firing tear gas and rubber bullets or using pepper spray.
"We are horrified by the continued use of harsh and sometimes violent actions of police against journalists doing their jobs. These are direct violations of press freedom, a fundamental constitutional value of the United States," said CPJ Program Director Carlos Martinez de la Serna in a Monday statement.
Patinkin said he had been in tense or threatening situations before: He was detained briefly while covering peaceful protests in Tanzania; armed groups surrounded a hotel he and other media were in in Khartoum; and a colleague was arrested during Standing Rock protests by Native American tribes to block a pipeline in North Dakota.
"But I've never been shot," he said.
Attacks on the media, he said, are "hugely damaging" because they get in the way of delivering information when the public needs it most. "I don't know what happened to those protesters there, because I was shot at, so I left," he said.